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你郁闷吗?以下几种迹象需要特别注意

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Slide 1 of 21: Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses around the world. According to the American Psychiatric Association, one in six people will be affected by a major depression (that is, they will experience symptoms of depression that last at least two weeks) in the course of their lives. Depression can affect children, teenagers, adults, and the elderly, regardless of their nationality, level of education, or social status. Although 70% to 80% of cases can be treated with medication and therapy, some patients will struggle with depression their entire lives. So how can you recognize the signs of depression? If you think you’re suffering from depression, talk to your doctor right away. Plenty of organizations offer helpful resources, like the Canadian Mental Health Association and the National Institute of Mental Health.

抑郁症是世界上(around the world)最常见的精神疾病之一。 根据美国精神病学协会(American Psychiatric Association)的统计,六分之一的人会受到严重抑郁症(即他们将经历至少两周的抑郁症症状)的影响。

抑郁症可能影响儿童,青少年,成年人和老年人,无论其国籍,受教育程度或社会地位如何。 尽管70%至80%的病例可以通过药物和治疗进行治疗,但有些患者一生都会患抑郁症。 那么你怎么能认识到有抑郁症的迹象呢?

如果您认为自己患有抑郁症,请立即与您的医生联系。许多组织提供有用的资源,如加拿大心理健康协会(Canadian Mental Health Association)和国家心理健康研究所(National Institute of Mental Health)。

1.悲伤不会消失

Slide 2 of 21: The sadness that depressed people experience has nothing to do with a passing sadness caused by an unfortunate life event. The sadness caused by depression is intense and doesn’t have a specific cause. Although the level of intensity varies over time, it’s a melancholy that doesn’t ever seem to go away. In addition to feeling sad, someone suffering from depression may cry without knowing exactly why, at any time of the day.

抑郁引起的悲伤是强烈的,并没有特定的原因(doesn’t have a specific cause)。 虽然强度水平会随着时间的推移而变化,但这种忧郁似乎永远不会消失。

除了感到悲伤之外,患有抑郁症的人可能会在一天中的任何时候在都不知道具体原因下哭泣。

2. 疲劳

Slide 3 of 21: Feeling tired when you get up one morning doesn’t mean you’re depressed, but fatigue is a permanent or semi-permanent condition for people with depression. Nothing seems to get rid of the seemingly irresistible urge to sleep. Sleeping longer at night, napping during the day, and taking lots of breaks doesn’t make a difference.

一天早上起床时感到疲倦并不意味着你感到沮丧,但疲劳是抑郁症患者的永久性或半永久性(permanent or semi-permanent condition )症状。 似乎没有什么能摆脱看似不可抗拒的睡眠冲动。 晚上睡得更久,白天打盹,并且休息很多并没有带来什么不同。

3. 内疚和焦虑

Slide 4 of 21: Many depressed people feel guilty about anything and everything, for no good reason. Some constantly question themselves and everything they do.  Although anxiety is a separate mental illness from depression, it is fairly common for people suffering from depression to also experience high levels of anxiety. In fact, between 60% and 70% of people with depression also have anxiety, according to surveys in Psychology Today. In addition to mental rumination, people with anxiety also experience hot flashes or shivers, chest pain, and numbness.

许多抑郁的人在没有充分理由下对任何事情都感到内疚(feel guilty)。有些人经常质疑自己和他们所做的一切。

虽然焦虑是一种单独的精神疾病,但患抑郁症的人也常常经历高度焦虑(also experience high levels of anxiety)。 事实上,根据今日心理学(Psychology Today)的调查(surveys),60%至70%的抑郁症患者也有焦虑症。 除了心理反刍之外,焦虑症患者也会出现潮热或颤抖,胸痛和麻木症状。

4. 自杀念头

Slide 5 of 21: Having suicidal thoughts is one of the most frequent symptoms of depression. Moreover, depression is the most common mental illness suffered by people who take their own lives. A person who is considering committing suicide may talk to their loved ones about what they are thinking of doing and may even attempt suicide. But sometimes it’s harder to tell when someone is feeling suicidal or planning to kill themselves. For example, a person who is having suicidal thoughts may suddenly start reading, writing, or drawing about death for no apparent reason, as though it was a fantasy. The same applies to a person who starts giving away valuable personal items or who wants to say a last goodbye to their loved ones, as though they know their days are numbered. It is very important to get help immediately if you are having suicidal thoughts.

有自杀念头是抑郁症最常见的症状之一。 此外,抑郁症是要自杀人中最常见的精神疾病(most common mental illness )。

正在考虑自杀的人可能会与亲人谈论他们正在考虑做什么,甚至可能会自杀。 但有时候,当有人有自杀倾向或计划自杀时更难判断。例如,一个有自杀念头的人可能会突然开始阅读,写作或者在没有明显原因的情况下绘画死亡(reading, writing, or drawing about death),好像这是一种幻想。这同样适用于开始赠送有价值的个人物品或想要与亲人说再见的人,就像他们知道他们的日子已经屈指可数一样(as though they know their days are numbered)。

如果你有自杀念头,立即获得帮助是十分重要。

5. 失去兴趣

Slide 6 of 21: Often, depressed people lose interest in their favourite activities, and this can also extend to daily activities. For example, parents may no longer want to play with their young children.

通常,抑郁的人对自己喜欢的活动失去兴趣(lose interest),这也可以延伸到日常活动中。 例如,父母可能不再想和他们的孩子一起玩耍。

6. 食欲改变

Slide 7 of 21: Sometimes, depression can affect appetite. In some cases, people with depression may start to feel disgusted by food, even their favourite dishes. Other times, it’s the opposite: the person eats more than usual and craves unhealthy items like fast food. Since depression can affect the appetite, it’s normal for an individual’s weight to vary. No matter the cause, any sudden change in your weight requires a visit to your doctor.

有时,抑郁会影响食欲(appetite)。 在某些情况下,患有抑郁症的人可能会开始对食物,甚至他们最喜欢的菜肴感到厌恶。 其他时候,恰恰相反:这个人吃得比平常多,并且喜欢快餐等不健康的食物。

由于抑郁会影响食欲,个体体重变化是正常的。无论原因如何,你体重的任何突然变化都需要去看医生。

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